FOB, CIF.DDU.DDP difference
FOB 也称“离岸价”，实践中的使用通常为“FOB……港（出发地）按FOB成交，由买方负责派船接运货物，卖方应在合同规定的装运港和规定的期限内，将货物装上买方指定的船只，并及时通知买方。货物在装船时越过船舷，风险即由卖方转移至买方。
FOB also known as the "FOB", used in practice is usually "FOB...... Hong Kong (departure) by FOB transaction, the buyer shall send the ship pick up the goods, the Seller shall be stipulated in the contract and the port of shipment within the stipulated period, the goods are loaded on board the vessel nominated by the buyer, and promptly notify the buyer. At the time of shipment of goods across the ship's rail, the risk is transferred from the seller to the buyer.
CIF术语的中译名为成本加保险费加运费，（指定目的港，其原文为Cost,Insurance and Freight(...named port of desti-nation)按此术语成交，货价的构成因素中包括从装运港至约定目的地港的通常运费和约定的保险费，故卖方除具有与CFR术语的相同的义务外，还就为买方办理货运保险，交支付保险费，按一般国际贸易惯例，卖方投保的保险金额应按CIF价加成10%。如买卖双方未约定具体险别，则卖方只需取得最低限底的保险险别，如买方要求加保战争险，在保险费由买方负担的前提下，卖方应予加保，卖方投保时，如能办到，应以合同货币投保。
The CIF term in the cost of insurance and freight, (named port of destination, the original Cost, Insurance and Freight (named port of desti-nation...) according to the contract terms, factors are included in the price from the port of shipment to the agreed destination port and the usual freight insurance premium, so the seller has with the same CFR term obligations, also apply for cargo insurance for the buyer to pay, payment of insurance premiums, according to the general practice of international trade, the amount of insurance the seller should according to the CIF price plus 10%. If the parties have not agreed specific risks, the seller only need to obtain the minimum insurance coverage, if the buyer require inclusion of war risks, the insurance premium by the premise of the buyer, the seller should be involved, the seller, if possible, should be insured in the currency of the contract.
需要强调指出的是，按CIF术语成交，虽然由卖方安排货物运输和办理货运保险，但卖方并不承担保证把货送到约定目的港的义务，因为CIF是属于装运交货的术语，而不是目的港交货的术语，也就是说CIF不是“到岸价” 。
It should be stressed that, according to the CIF contract terms, although by the seller of goods and for cargo insurance, but the Seller shall not guarantee the goods to the agreed destination obligation, because CIF belongs to shipment delivery terms, rather than the destination delivery terms, that is to say CIF is not "cif".
CIF到岸价即"成本、保险费加运费"是指在目的港当货物越过船舷时卖方即完成交货。
CIF is the "CIF Cost, insurance and freight" refers to the port of destination when the goods across the ship's rail at the seller's delivery is completed.
DDU英文为”Delivered Duty Unpaid(… named place of destination) ”， 即"未完税交货(……指定目的地)"。它指卖方将备好的货物，在进口国指定的地点交付，而且须承担货物运至指定地点的一切费用和风险(不包括关税、捐税及进口时应支付的其他官方费用)， 另外须承担办理海关手续的费用和风险。
DDU Delivered Duty (Unpaid English for "... Named place of destination) ", namely" delivered duty unpaid (...... Named place of destination) ". It means that the seller of goods will be prepared, delivered in the importing country designated locations, and shall bear all costs and risks of the goods to the designated place (not including other official fees should be paid taxes, tariffs and import), in addition to bear the costs and risks for customs formalities.
DDP英文为”DeliveredDuty Paid(… named place of destination)”， 即"完税后交货(……指定目的地)"是指卖方在指定的目的地，办理完进口清关手续，将在交货运输工具上尚未卸下的货物交与买方，完成交货。卖方必须承担将货物运至指定的目的地的一切风险和费用，包括在需要办理海关手续时在目的地应交纳的任何“税费”（包括办理海关手续的责任和风险，以及交纳手续费、关税、税款和其他费用）。
DDP DeliveredDuty Paid (English for "... Named place of destination) ", namely" delivered duty paid (...... Named place of destination) "refers to the seller at the designated destination, for import customs clearance, the goods to the buyer not unloaded from the arriving means of transport, delivery. The seller must bear all the costs and risks of the goods to the designated destination, including any "tax on the need for customs clearance at destination should be paid" (including the customs formalities for the responsibility and risk, and the payment of fees, duties, taxes and other charges).
一般我们所揽到的空运货物都是基于CIF协议下的货物，对于空运的FOB货物来说只要把货物交进启运地国际机场的国际货运海关监管仓库就已完成交易！
The general cargo we put are under the CIF protocol based on FOB for goods, air cargo, as long as the goods are placed at the International Airport in the international freight customs warehouses have been completed transactions!
基于DDU跟DDP，最大区别就在于目的港交货时候，目的国办理海关手续时应当缴纳的各种“税费”！
DDU and DDP based on the biggest difference is that the port of destination, delivery time, various "destination customs formalities shall pay taxes and fees"!
对于客户需要DDU或者DDP报价时，需要客户提供详细的装箱资料已经发票，还有目的地详细的派送地址！DDP报价还需要提供货物的海关编码，以便于目的港代理确认相关的税费！
For DDU or DDP customers need to offer, the need to provide customers with the packing materials have the invoice, and a destination with the delivery address! DDP also need to provide the customs code of goods, in order to confirm the destination agent related tax!
